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Group membership is the correct choice for defining the roles and responsibilities of a user in Active Directory because it allows for the organization of users into groups based on their function, privilege, or task assignment. By adding a user to specific groups, you can effectively assign permissions and access rights that align with their responsibilities within the organization.

Groups in Active Directory can be used to manage security and distribution lists, providing a streamlined approach to applying permissions across multiple users. For instance, a user in a finance group can be granted access to financial data and resources, while another user in an HR group can access employee records. This mechanism not only simplifies administration by reducing the need to set permissions for individual users but also enhances security by ensuring that only users with appropriate group memberships have access to sensitive resources.

While user attributes might contain important information about the user, such as their name or email address, they do not inherently define roles or responsibilities. Forest level policies and security settings help govern broader domain-wide behaviors and controls but do not specifically delineate a user’s functional role within the organization. Thus, group membership is the primary mechanism for defining and managing user roles and responsibilities in Active Directory.